Virginia Beach History

The First Landing

Nestled along the picturesque coastline of southeastern Virginia, Virginia Beach boasts a rich and diverse history that stretches back centuries. Long before the arrival of European settlers, the area that is now Virginia Beach was home to several Native American tribes, including the Chesapeake, Chowanoke, and Nansemond. These tribes thrived on the region's abundant natural resources, including fertile land, dense forests, and bountiful waterways. 

In the early 17th century, English settlers led by Captain Christopher Newport arrived on the shores of what is now Virginia Beach. They established the first permanent English colony in North America at nearby Jamestown in 1607. 

Colonial Growth

As the colony expanded, the settlers began to explore and settle along the coastal areas, including present-day Virginia Beach. The English colonists, led by Captain John Smith, encountered the Native American tribes and navigated complex relationships with them.

As English settlements expanded, Virginia Beach became part of Princess Anne County, named after the daughter of King James II. The area continued to attract settlers, who built plantations and engaged in agriculture, particularly tobacco cultivation, which became a major economic driver in the region.

One of the notable colonial figures associated with the area is Adam Thoroughgood, an English immigrant who arrived in the late 1620s. Thoroughgood played a significant role in the development of the region and is credited with promoting the area's agricultural potential and fostering its early growth.

Military Moments

The history of Virginia Beach intersected with pivotal events in American history. During the American Revolution, the region saw the presence of British forces as they sought to maintain control over the colonies. The Battle of Cape Henry, which took place near the iconic Cape Henry Lighthouse in 1781, marked a significant moment in the Revolutionary War, as French and American forces joined together to repel the British.

The Civil War brought further impact to Virginia Beach. As part of the Confederacy, the region experienced the Union Army's presence, and it became a site of military engagements and fortifications. The Battle of the Monitor and Merrimack, and the Siege of Suffolk are among the notable conflicts that occurred in the vicinity.

During World War II, the city played a vital role in defending the East Coast as military installations were established to protect against potential German U-boat attacks. The military presence in the area continued to grow, and today, Virginia Beach is home to several military bases, including the Naval Air Station Oceana and Joint Expeditionary Base Little Creek-Fort Story.

Salt Life

In the late 19th century, the city became a hub for the fishing and shipbuilding industries. Fishing villages such as Rudee Inlet and Lynnhaven thrived, drawing settlers and establishing a tradition that still exists today.

It was during this time that Virginia Beach underwent a transformative period that set the stage for its emergence as a popular resort destination. 

The opening of the Norfolk and Virginia Beach Railroad in 1883 provided easier access to the area, making it more accessible for visitors. The pristine beaches, temperate climate, and tranquil atmosphere drew tourists from nearby cities and beyond, seeking respite from the hustle and bustle of urban life.

Resort City

To accommodate the influx of visitors, hotels, amusement parks, and recreational facilities were constructed along the coastline. The Virginia Beach Boardwalk, a beloved landmark, came to life with charming shops, restaurants, and entertainment venues. It quickly became a focal point of the city's tourism industry, offering visitors a chance to stroll along the vibrant waterfront.

“It is the most healthful and beautiful spot on the ocean side, and is within easy reach of New York and the other chief centres of population. It has long enjoyed a most enviable reputation among those who seek rest and rational recreation.” – Princess Anne Hotel brochure (1897)

Well into the 20th century, Virginia Beach remained a popular coastal resort destination. The construction of the Chesapeake Bay Bridge-Tunnel in the 1960s facilitated easier access to the area, attracting visitors from nearby cities and beyond. The city's beautiful beaches, vibrant boardwalk, and wide range of recreational activities make it a sought-after destination for tourists.

Virginia Beach is a city that embraces its coastal heritage while constantly evolving and adapting to the changing times. It hosts a variety of events and festivals throughout the year, celebrating its history, culture, and community spirit. The Neptune Festival, for instance, honors the city's ties to the sea and showcases its lively arts scene.